Substructure - Symbols and hatching
Graphical detailing work up to damp proof course (d p c) level is usually expressed as plans and detailed sections. While it is normal for the drawings to be to scale it is also important that dimensions are clearly noted on the drawings. Notes should not cause the drawing to look crowded, and that is why hatching and symbols are very useful.

The graphic of a section through a foundation and ground floor, called Substructure , in the toolbox illustrates a typical section through the foundation of a house. This drawing shows concrete, brickwork and blockwork, together with the ground floor constructed of concrete, damp proof membrane, hardcore filling, insulation and screed. All the construction items are hatched in using the standard recommended method for hatching from B S 1192.
A range of standard recommended hatching complying with B S 1192 for can also be found in the toolbox.

A graphic showing three types of masonry symbols.